Autumn olive
Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.
Evans, C.W., C.T. Bargeron, D.J. Moorhead & G.K. Douce. 2005. Invasive Weeds in Georgia. The Bugwood Network, The University of Georgia.
Autumn olive is a deciduous shrub reaching from 3 to 20 feet in height. Bark is gray-brown and smooth with small white dots (lenticels). Scattered thorns occur on many plants but may be absent. Leaves are alternate, elliptical and 2-3 inches in length. Autumn olive is easily recognized by the silvery, dotted underside of the leaves. Red, juicy fruits are abundant and occur on clusters near the stems.
Autumn olive is native to China and Japan and was introduced into America in 1830. Since then it has been widely planted for wildlife habitat, mine reclamation, and windbreaks. It is found throughout the eastern United States. In Georgia, autumn olive is a problem primarily in the northern half of the state.
Autumn olive invades old fields, open woods, woodland edges, and other disturbed areas. However, it cannot tolerate wet conditions. Because the fruits are readily eaten by birds and small mammals, this plant has the ability to spread rapidly. Autumn olive can form a dense shrub layer which displaces native species and closes open areas.
Recommended herbicides for control:
Cut stump – Arsenal AC
Basal spray – Garlon 4 with oil and penetrant
Foliar spray – Arsenal AC or Vanquish
Photo by David Moorhead, UGA
Photo by Chris Evans, UGA
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Photo by James Miller, USDA Forest Service
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